What is the difference between hearing and listening?

The distinction between hearing and listening is primarily rooted in the nature of each process. Hearing is fundamentally a sensory perception; it refers to the physiological ability to perceive sound through the ears. This process occurs automatically and does not require conscious effort. In contrast, listening transcends mere sound perception and involves an active, intentional engagement with the auditory information. It requires cognitive processing, where the listener interprets and makes meaning of the sounds being heard.

By recognizing that listening involves interpretation and meaningful engagement, it is clear why the correct choice emphasizes the contrast in the nature of these two processes. Listening is an active endeavor that necessitates focus, comprehension, and often a response, while hearing is a passive act that occurs as long as the auditory system is functioning properly. This understanding is crucial in speech communication, as effective listening can significantly impact interpersonal interactions and the dynamics of communication.